SHM Converge Scientific Abstract ePoster Gallery-Giant Left Atrium Induced Total Left Main Stem Bronchus Obstruction, a Case Reprot and Review of the Literature.

Giant Left Atrium Induced Total Left Main Stem Bronchus Obstruction, a Case Reprot and Review of the Literature.

Pdf Summary

This case report describes a 60-year-old woman with systolic heart failure and a giant left atrium caused by rheumatic heart disease who presented to the emergency department with pneumonia-like symptoms and shock. Imaging revealed marked left atrial enlargement, and bronchoscopy showed complete obstruction of the left main stem bronchus. Although she initially appeared septic, shock was later determined to be cardiogenic. The authors concluded that pneumonia likely worsened her heart failure, leading to further enlargement of an already massive left atrium, which then compressed and obstructed the bronchus.<br /><br />The report also reviews the literature on similar cases of cardiomegaly causing airway obstruction. Only four comparable cases were identified. These included cases of severe mitral regurgitation, rheumatic heart disease with right-sided bronchial compression after pneumonia, an infant with dilated cardiomyopathy, and a patient with pulmonary atelectasis from left atrial enlargement related to valvular disease.<br /><br />The main significance of this case is that it appears to be the first reported instance of rheumatic heart disease causing total obstruction of the left main stem bronchus. The authors emphasize that giant left atrium should be considered a rare but serious cause of airway compression, especially when respiratory deterioration occurs in patients with advanced valvular heart disease.

Asset Subtitle

Abdul-Rahman F. Diab

Meta Tag

Author List Abdul-Rahman F. Diab, Islam M. Ibrahim, Moaaz Baghal

Category Clinical Vignettes

Concept Left Atrial Enlargement

Concept Left Mainstem Bronchus

Concept Airway Obstruction

Concept Tracheobronchial Tree

Concept Extrinsic Compression

Distinguished Non-Finalist

Presenter Organization University of Jordan School of Medicine

Presenting Author Abdul-Rahman F. Diab

Track Adult

Keywords

giant left atrium

rheumatic heart disease

left main stem bronchus obstruction

cardiogenic shock

systolic heart failure

pneumonia-like symptoms

airway compression

cardiomegaly

mitral valve disease

bronchoscopy

Left Atrial Enlargement

Left Mainstem Bronchus

Airway Obstruction

Tracheobronchial Tree

Extrinsic Compression